Ammonium Chloride NH4Cl CAS 12125-02-9

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Product Description

Product Attributes

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Product Description

Product Attributes

Product Name: Ammonium Chloride

Chemical Formula: NH4Cl

CAS Number: 12125-02-9

UN No.: 3077

Hazard Classification: 9

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Product Description

PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

Ammonium Chloride

12125-02-9 NH4Cl

Ammonium chloride, also known as chloride of ammonia or sal ammoniac, has the chemical formula NH4Cl. It is a colorless cubic crystal or white crystalline powder. It has a salty, cool, and slightly bitter taste and is an acid salt. Its relative density is 1.527. Ammonium chloride is easily soluble in water and ethanol, soluble in liquid ammonia, but insoluble in acetone and ether. Its aqueous solution is weakly acidic, and the acidity increases when heated. At temperatures above 100°C, it begins to volatilize significantly, and at 337.8°C, it decomposes into ammonia and hydrogen chloride. Upon cooling, it recombines to form extremely fine particles of ammonium chloride, resulting in white fumes that do not easily dissipate or dissolve in water. It sublimes at 350°C and has a boiling point of 520°C. It has low hygroscopicity but can still absorb moisture and clump in damp and rainy weather. Ammonium chloride is corrosive to black metals and other metals, particularly copper, but it does not corrode cast iron.

PRODUCT SPECIFICATION

Items	Specifications	Unit
Product Name:	Ammonium Chloride	-
Grade	/	-
Chemical Formula	NH4Cl	-
Molecular Weight	53.49	-
CAS Number	12125-09-2	-
UN No.	3077	-
Hazard Classification:	9

PRODUCT APPLICATION

Ammonium chloride is a quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer produced by the direct reaction of synthetic ammonia and hydrochloric acid. It contains 24-25% nitrogen and releases chloride ions and ammonium ions in the soil. The ammonium ions are absorbed by crops, while the chloride ions combine with hydrogen ions in the soil to form hydrochloric acid. Long-term application of ammonium chloride requires additional application of lime.

Agrochemicals And Fertilizers:Macroelement Fertilizer
The application methods of ammonium chloride as base fertilizer and topdressing are similar to those of ammonium sulfate, but the application rate is generally 1/5 less than that of ammonium sulfate. However, ammonium chloride is generally not used as seed fertilizer and seedling field fertilizer, especially methods such as seed mixing or direct seed contact should be avoided. Also, due to its high chloride ion content, it is best not to use ammonium chloride on "chlorine-sensitive crops" such as tobacco, potatoes, grapes, citrus fruits, and tea trees. If it must be used, it should be limited to areas with abundant rainfall or convenient drainage and irrigation, suitable soil moisture during crop growth, and easy movement and loss of chloride ions. In addition, early application of base fertilizer and strict control of application rate should be implemented. Similarly, ammonium chloride is generally not suitable for use in dryland without irrigation conditions, poorly drained saline-alkali land, and regions with low rainfall and drought where chloride ions are prone to move and be lost.

According to research conducted by the Japanese Saline Ammonia Association, the fertilizer efficiency of ammonium chloride in paddy fields can exceed that of ammonium sulfate. However, its effect on soil acidification is greater than that of ammonium sulfate. The reason is that ammonium chloride absorbed by crops produces calcium chloride, while ammonium sulfate absorbed by crops produces calcium sulfate. Due to the higher solubility of calcium chloride compared to calcium sulfate, more calcium ions are lost in the former, making the soil more prone to acidification and compaction. Therefore, when using ammonium chloride on acidic soils, it should be combined with lime or other alkaline fertilizers, but mixing them should be avoided.

Ammonium chloride decomposes into ammonia and hydrogen chloride at a decomposition temperature of 337.8°C. When cooled, it recombines to form tiny particles of ammonium chloride, appearing as a white dense fog that is not easily settled and very difficult to dissolve in water. This indicates that the gas will react back to ammonium chloride.

Uses of ammonium chloride mainly include dry batteries, storage batteries, ammonium salts, tanning, electroplating, medicine, photography, electrodes, adhesives, etc. Ammonium chloride is also a type of quick-acting nitrogen chemical fertilizer with a nitrogen content of 24%-25% and belongs to physiologically acidic fertilizer. It is suitable for crops such as wheat, rice, corn, and rapeseed, and has particularly beneficial effects on improving fiber toughness, tensile strength, and quality of cotton and flax crops. However, due to the nature of ammonium chloride and potential adverse effects on soil and crops if applied improperly, caution should be exercised.

【Pharmacological Effects】

When ammonium chloride enters the body, some ammonium ions are rapidly metabolized by the liver to form urea, which is excreted in urine. Chloride ions combine with hydrogen ions to form hydrochloric acid, thereby correcting alkalosis.
It has a stimulating effect on the respiratory mucosa, reflexively increasing the secretion of respiratory mucus, making it easier to expectorate phlegm. After absorption, chloride ions enter the blood and extracellular fluid, acidifying the urine.

【Indications】

Severe metabolic alkalosis that cannot be satisfactorily corrected with a sufficient amount of sodium chloride injection.
The chloride loading test can assess renal tubular acidification function and be used for the differential diagnosis of renal tubular acidosis.
Mucus expectoration, suitable for dry cough and difficulty in expectorating phlegm, and other conditions.

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